Bali and Lombok Bali is the last remaining large Hindu enclave in Indonesia. It is world famous for its arts and music. Northern Bali came under Dutch control starting in 1849; the southern part did not completely give in until 1908. Klungkung was the seat of the chief king of Bali from 1710 until 1908. Before that, the chief king was at nearby Gelgel. Powerful kings also ruled from Mengwi, north of Denpasar. Buleleng intervened in eastern Java in the late 1600s. Karangasem attacked Lombok in the late 1600s, but later became a dependent of Balinese kings on Lombok. Lombok has a close relationship with Bali, but also has Islamic and local traditions. The kings of Mataram took the whole island in 1838, plus Karangasem on Bali. (Not to be confused with Mataram on Java.)